← Map/← Virginia/Counties/Norfolk city

Norfolk city
Virginia

237K

Population

$61K

Median Income

$311K

Median Home

D+44

Politics

This county as a story, on one page you can share·See it on the map with these filters

What stands out

Three things set Norfolk city apart from the other 3,142 counties: homeownership is among the lowest in America (45%), home internet speed is in the top 2% of American counties (314 Mbps), and natural-hazard risk is in the top 8% of American counties (92 of 100). Within Virginia it ranks 10th of 133 counties for homeownership, counting from the bottom.

Where you are

You live in Norfolk city, Virginia. 236,973 people live here with you. The population shrank 0.7% last year, and more Americans moved out than in (net -3,214).

Virginia has a graduated income tax with a 5.75% top rate that begins at just $17,000 of income, so most residents pay near the top rate. It does not tax Social Security and allows an age deduction of up to $12,000 for residents 65 and over. Northern Virginia's federal and defense economy produces incomes closer to the Washington suburbs of Maryland than to the rest of the state. Localities levy annual property tax on vehicles.

Money

The typical household here brings in $60,998 a year, higher than 51% of American counties. Employers pay an average wage of $72,432. Unemployment runs 3.5%, higher than 55% of American counties. 7% of workers work from home; for the rest the average commute is 21 minutes each way.

Virginia takes 5.3% of that median income in state income tax, about $3,250 a year.

Home

The median home costs $313K, pricier than 72% of American counties, about 3.3 years of the median household's income. A two-bedroom rents for around $1,154 a month. Property tax is 1.02% of home value, roughly $2,586 a year on that median home, higher than 61% of American counties. 45% of households own rather than rent.

Safety and health

Violent crime here is 3.7 per 1,000 residents, lower than 58% of American counties. Drug overdoses killed 25 people per 100,000 in 2024, one of the harder-hit counties in the country.

A child born here can expect to live 74.0 years, shorter than 70% of American counties. There are 1,491 active physicians in the county, about 62.9 per 10,000 people. Medicare rates the local hospitals 3.5 of 5 stars. 9.2% of people under 65 have no health insurance.

School

Local students test at grade level 2.98 where 3.0 is national grade level, lower than 52% of American counties. 89% of adults finished high school.

Neighbors and politics

In 2024 your neighbors voted Democratic by 44 points, among the most lopsided counties in the country. 48% of eligible voters turned out. Under Virginia law you can get a concealed-carry permit on request, abortion is legal with limits, and marijuana is legal for adults.

Weather and risk

The year averages 61°F, highs near 70 and lows near 53, warmer than 72% of American counties. About 44 inches of rain and snow fall a year. FEMA puts natural-hazard risk at 92 out of 100, riskier than 92% of American counties; the county has had 18 federal disaster declarations since 1953.

Getting around, going out

Home internet averages 314 Mbps down, faster than 98% of American counties. There are 3 airports in the county, counting general aviation. For a night or a weekend out: 0.9 full-service restaurants per 1,000 people, 5 breweries, 5 museums.

Written from the figures below. Percentiles compare this county with every other county that reports the same figure; missing figures are left out rather than guessed.

Economy

Median Household Income$61K
This county
national avg ~$75K
Poverty Rate18.8%
This county
national avg ~11.5%
Unemployment Rate3.5%
This county
national avg ~3.8%
GDP per Capita$110,806
Federal Spending per Capita$13,890
Median Individual Earnings$38K
This county
national avg $45K
Professional/Management Workers37.3%
Average Adjusted Gross Income$64K
Avg Credit Score642
Work From Home %7.3%
This county
national avg 17.0%
Population Under 1820.3%
This county
national avg 22.0%
Single-Person Households34.6%
This county
national avg 28.0%
Banks & Finance Firms120
Income (20th Percentile)$26K
Income (80th Percentile)$119K
Income (95th Percentile)$212K
Bachelor's Degree or Higher32.2%
This county
national avg 34.3%
Less Than High School10.8%
This county
national avg 11.0%
Knowledge Economy GDP %14.7%
Dependency Ratio0.48
Medicare Spending / Person$2,028
SS Benefits / Person$2,675
Education Wage Premium2.13x
Median Earnings (Bachelor's)$55K
Median Earnings (Graduate)$72K
Median Earnings (HS Diploma)$34K
Public Assistance Recipients3.5%
Average Annual Wage$72K
Professional Services Concentration1.07x national
This county
1.0 = national average share
Federal Government Jobs Located Here21,547
Federal Share of Jobs Located Here14.9%
Residents Who Work for the Federal Government8.7%
Federal Civilian Share of Earnings19.7%
Federal Contract Dollars Performed Here (FY2025)$3.1B
Contract Dollars Relative to Local Wages0.29x wages
Largest Award's Share of Contract Dollars4%
Oil and Gas Share of Earnings (incl. proprietors)0.0%

Housing

Sources: Zillow ZHVI · Census ACS 2022 · Tax Foundation 2023 (effective rates)

Median Home Value$311K
This county
$390K state avg
$303K national
Median Sale Price$304K
This county
$303K national
Market Rent (ZORI)$1748/mo
This county
$1700/mo state avg
$1400/mo national
Property Tax Rate1.02%
This county
0.74% state avg
1.10% national

Annual tax on median home: $2,586

Affordability & Supply

HUD Fair Market Rent (2BR)$1,713/mo
Home Price Change (1 yr)+4.9%++1.5% since 2024
Home Value to Income Ratio3.3x income
Severely Cost-Burdened Households17.6%
Homeownership Rate44.8%
This county
national avg ~65%

Market Activity

Sources: Zillow Research monthly · Redfin

Sale-to-List Ratio— Buyers market — homes selling below list
99.6%
Listings with Price Cuts— Low — market moving fast
19.2%
Sold Above List Price
35.7%
Median Days to Close
21 days
Active Listings
798
New Listings / Month
277

Source: Zillow Research · Updated monthly

Health

Life Expectancy74.0 yrs
This county
national avg ~78.5 years
Hospital Rating3.5 / 5
This county
national avg 3.0 stars
Food Insecurity11.3%
This county
national avg ~11%
Food Environment Index7.6 / 10
This county
higher = better access
Primary Care Shortage Score16
This county
national avg 5
Mental Health Shortage Score18
Dental Care Shortage Score11
Healthcare Shortage Score15.0
Healthcare Offices483
Obesity Rate (BRFSS)41.6%
This county
national avg 32.0%
Smoking Rate (BRFSS)14.6%
This county
national avg 14.0%
Poor Health Rate (BRFSS)21.0%
This county
national avg 18.0%
Physical Inactivity (BRFSS)27.1%
This county
national avg 24.0%
High Blood Pressure (BRFSS)38.5%
This county
national avg 32.0%
Active Physicians1,491
Nursing Home Rating2.9 / 5
This county
national avg ~3 stars
ER Visits per 1,000 Medicare Patients695 / 1,000
Medicare Cost per Beneficiary$11,949
Uninsured (under 65)9.2%
This county
national avg ~10%
Adults with Depression21.3%

Education

Reading Test Scores2.98 grade level
HS Diploma Holders30,020
Bachelor's Degree Holders29,179
HS Completion Rate89.3%
This county
national avg ~85%
Private Schools68

Safety

Violent Crime Rate3.7 / 1,000
This county
national avg ~4.0
Firearm Fatality Rate23.5 / 100K
This county
national avg ~13.6/100K
Homicide Rate15.3 / 100K
This county
national avg ~7.5/100K
Drug Overdose Rate33.3 / 100K
This county
national avg ~21/100K
Traffic Fatalities15
Social Vulnerability (CDC SVI)86th pct
Drug Overdose Deaths (2024)24.7 / 100K
Suicide Rate13.4 / 100K
This county
national avg ~14/100K

Climate & Air Quality

Natural Amenity Scale0.5
January Sunshine0.68
January Temperature0.63
Average Temp61°F-0.2% since 2022
Avg High Temp70°F-0.6% since 2022
Avg Low Temp53°F+0.6% since 2022
Median AQIAQI 18
Good Air Days334 days/yr
Unhealthy Air Days0 days/yr
Annual Precipitation44.3 in/yr+5.5% since 2022
Avg Storm Events14.4 storms/yr
Avg Annual Storm Damage$10M
Ozone Days0 days/yr
This county
national avg 50 days/yr
Drought Index (2022)-0.77
Heating Degree Days3,106 HDD/yr
This county
national avg ~4,500 HDD/yr
Cooling Degree Days1,747 CDD/yr
This county
national avg ~1,200 CDD/yr
Heating Degree Days (1901–2000 Baseline)3,491 HDD/yr
Cooling Degree Days (1901–2000 Baseline)1,447 CDD/yr
Avg Tornadoes / Year0.2
Avg Flood Events / Year6.2
Avg Hail Events / Year1.4
Avg Hurricane Events / Year0.00
Avg Wildfire Events / Year0.0
Avg Winter Storms / Year0.0
Avg Heat Events / Year0.0
Natural Hazard Risk (FEMA)92 / 100
Community Resilience (FEMA)84 / 100
Federal Disaster Declarations18 since 1953
Fine Particulate Pollution (PM2.5)6.1 µg/m³
This county
EPA standard 9 µg/m³

Outdoor & Recreation

Historic Places (NRHP)69 properties
FAA-Registered Airports6 total
Airports (excl. heliports)3 airports

Brewery Scene

Total Breweries5 breweries
Microbreweries5 microbreweries
Brewpubs0 brewpubs

Internet & Remote Work

Download Speed314 Mbps
This county
national avg ~120 Mbps
Upload Speed109 Mbps
Fixed Internet (Q1 2026)429 Mbps
Mobile Internet (Q1 2026)286 Mbps
Mobile Upload (Q1 2026)26 Mbps
Mobile Latency (Q1 2026)31 ms
Households with 100Mbps+99.8%
This county
national avg 75.0%
Cellular-Only Internet13.2%
This county
national avg 8.0%
Fixed Upload Speed (Q1 2026)249 Mbps

EV Infrastructure

EV Charging Stations55 stations
DC Fast Chargers69 chargers
Level 2 EV Chargers133

Commute & Transit

Remote Workers9,149 workers
Public Transit Commuters3,712 workers
Walk to Work (workers)7,108 workers
Extreme Commutes (90+ min)2,377 workers
Avg Commute Time21.0 min
This county
national avg ~27 min
Bike Commuters0.6%
Walk to Work5.7%

Families & Childcare

Childcare Cost Burden32.2%
This county
national median ~27% of household income
Childcare Centers6.7 per 10K residents
Childcare Facilities58

Civic & Community

Voter Turnout47.7%
This county
national avg ~55%
Volunteering Rate1.0%
Income Inequality (Gini)4.538
Nonprofit Organizations1,005
Veterans Share15.0%
This county
national avg 7.0%
Married Adults38.1%
Never-Married Adults45.0%
Divorced Adults12.1%
Religious Organizations168
Asian Population3.8%
Native American Population0.4%
Membership Associations11.4 per 10K residents

Lifestyle & Services

Full-Service Restaurants0.94 per 1K residents
Colleges & Universities9
Nursing & Care Facilities55
Grocery Stores96
Arts & Entertainment Venues24
Hotels & Lodging36
Recreation Businesses45
Professional Services Firms638
Veterinary Practices45
Real Estate Firms292
Museums5
Debt Burden
Avg Mortgage Balance$60K
Avg Student Loan Balance$14K
Avg Credit Card Balance$4K
Loan Delinquency Rate61.2%
This county
national avg 4.0%

Innovation

Inventor Rate0.10%

Politics

D+44

2024 Presidential · Virginia was D+3 statewide

vs Virginia State

Income tax
5.75%Same (state law)
Property tax
1.02%0.74% state avg
Politics
D+44D+3
COL Index
102state index (no county figure)

Population & Migration

Net Domestic Migration 2023

↓ -3K

More people leaving than arriving

IRS Wealth Migration

Lower-income migration pattern (IRS: 0.82x avg income)

Economic Mobility

35%

chance a low-income child reaches the middle class

Source: Opportunity Insights

Real Estate

Find Homes in Norfolk city County

Median home value: $313K

View on Zillow →View on Realtor.com →

Opens in a new tab

Explore Other Virginia Counties

Accomack County, VirginiaAlbemarle County, VirginiaAlleghany County, VirginiaAmelia County, VirginiaAmherst County, VirginiaAppomattox County, VirginiaArlington County, VirginiaAugusta County, VirginiaBath County, VirginiaBotetourt County, VirginiaBrunswick County, VirginiaBuchanan County, VirginiaAll Virginia counties →

Full Virginia profile

Taxes, cost of living, crime, schools, gun laws and more.

View Virginia →

Data: Census ACS, BLS, Zillow, USDA Natural Amenities, OpenElections 2024, CMS, NCES. Vintage 2022–2025. News via Google News.

Your Priorities

Adjust and every page updates live

Quick Profiles

Dial in your priorities

Annual Income

$150K

Affects effective income tax rate

$0$500K$5M+

Retirement Savings

$0

Affects pension and SS tax burden

None$500K$10M+

Social Security

None

Annual Social Security benefit

None$150K/yr

My Property Is Worth

$400K

Affects property tax burden

Tax burden ↓$1M$50M+

Home Buying Budget

$400K

Compared to state median home price

Hard to find$250K$5M+

Monthly Rent Budget

Don't care

Compared to state median 2BR rent

Don't care$10K/mo

Job Market

Don't care

State unemployment and job growth

Don't careHot market

Airport Access

Don't care

Direct flight destinations from state hubs

Don't careMust have hub

City vs Country

Mid-size city

% urban population

Deep countryBig city

Sunshine

Don't care

Annual sunny days per state

Don't careMax sunshine

Food Scene

Don't care

Restaurants per 100K residents

Don't careWorld-class

Political Preference

Neutral

State's political lean

LiberalConservative

Gun Laws

Neutral

State gun law grade (Giffords)

Gun Control2A Freedom

Abortion Access

Neutral

State abortion access policy

Pro-ChoiceNeutralPro-Life

Community

None

Congregations per 100K residents

AvoidDon't careSeek

Sports & Entertainment

Don't care

Pro sports teams and major venues

Don't careMust have pro teams

Cannabis Laws

Neutral

State cannabis legality

Prefer LegalNeutralPrefer Prohibition

Retiree Community

Neutral

% population 65+ (Census)

Young areaRetirement-heavy

Dating Market

Neutral

% adults never-married (Census)

Singles sceneFamily community

Safety / Low Crime

Don't care

Violent crime rate per 100K (FBI)

Don't careVery safe

School Quality

Don't care

K-12 rank (Education Week)

Don't careTop-ranked

Healthcare Access

Don't care

Healthcare system rank (Commonwealth Fund)

Don't careTop-ranked

Childcare Affordability

Don't care

Cost of living proxy for childcare affordability

Don't careMust be affordable