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Caroline
Virginia

31K

Population

$84K

Median Income

$361K

Median Home

R+6

Politics

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What stands out

If you had to describe Caroline County in numbers, start here: population growth is in the top 6% of American counties (+2.2% a year), the median household income is in the top 10% of American counties ($83,562), and homeownership is in the top 11% of American counties (82%). Within Virginia it ranks 7th of 133 counties for population growth.

Where you are

You live in Caroline County, Virginia. 31,181 people live here with you. The population grew 2.2% last year, and more Americans moved in than out (net +692).

Virginia has a graduated income tax with a 5.75% top rate that begins at just $17,000 of income, so most residents pay near the top rate. It does not tax Social Security and allows an age deduction of up to $12,000 for residents 65 and over. Northern Virginia's federal and defense economy produces incomes closer to the Washington suburbs of Maryland than to the rest of the state. Localities levy annual property tax on vehicles.

Money

The typical household here brings in $83,562 a year, higher than 90% of American counties. Employers pay an average wage of $48,154. Unemployment runs 3.2%, lower than 56% of American counties. 8% of workers work from home.

Virginia takes 5.4% of that median income in state income tax, about $4,547 a year.

Home

The median home costs $364K, pricier than 81% of American counties, about 2.6 years of the median household's income. A two-bedroom rents for around $1,034 a month. Property tax is 0.57% of home value, roughly $1,438 a year on that median home, lower than 81% of American counties. 82% of households own rather than rent.

Safety and health

Violent crime here is 3.6 per 1,000 residents, lower than 64% of American counties. Drug overdoses killed 14 people per 100,000 in 2024.

A child born here can expect to live 75.7 years, shorter than 51% of American counties. There are 5 active physicians in the county, about 1.6 per 10,000 people. 9.4% of people under 65 have no health insurance.

School

Local students test at grade level 3.32 where 3.0 is national grade level, higher than 87% of American counties. 89% of adults finished high school.

Neighbors and politics

In 2024 your neighbors voted Republican by 6 points. 71% of eligible voters turned out. Under Virginia law you can get a concealed-carry permit on request, abortion is legal with limits, and marijuana is legal for adults.

Weather and risk

The year averages 58°F, highs near 69 and lows near 47, warmer than 60% of American counties. About 41 inches of rain and snow fall a year. FEMA puts natural-hazard risk at 16 out of 100, safer than 84% of American counties; the county has had 24 federal disaster declarations since 1953.

Getting around, going out

Home internet averages 206 Mbps down, faster than 53% of American counties. There are 2 airports in the county, counting general aviation. For a night or a weekend out: 0.6 full-service restaurants per 1,000 people.

Written from the figures below. Percentiles compare this county with every other county that reports the same figure; missing figures are left out rather than guessed.

Economy

Median Household Income$84K
This county
national avg ~$75K
Poverty Rate10.5%
This county
national avg ~11.5%
Unemployment Rate3.2%
This county
national avg ~3.8%
GDP per Capita$35,261
Federal Spending per Capita$1,859
Median Individual Earnings$49K
This county
national avg $45K
Professional/Management Workers36.7%
Average Adjusted Gross Income$67K
Avg Credit Score650
Work From Home %7.7%
This county
national avg 17.0%
Population Under 1822.7%
This county
national avg 22.0%
Single-Person Households23.3%
This county
national avg 28.0%
Banks & Finance Firms4
Income (20th Percentile)$38K
Income (80th Percentile)$143K
Income (95th Percentile)$243K
Bachelor's Degree or Higher22.3%
This county
national avg 34.3%
Less Than High School10.7%
This county
national avg 11.0%
Knowledge Economy GDP %6.1%
Dependency Ratio0.64
Medicare Spending / Person$2,755
SS Benefits / Person$3,797
Education Wage Premium1.65x
Median Earnings (Bachelor's)$64K
Median Earnings (Graduate)$69K
Median Earnings (HS Diploma)$42K
Public Assistance Recipients1.3%
Average Annual Wage$48K
Professional Services Concentration1.23x national
This county
1.0 = national average share
Federal Government Jobs Located Here425
Federal Share of Jobs Located Here6.1%
Residents Who Work for the Federal Government9.1%
Federal Civilian Share of Earnings9.9%
Federal Contract Dollars Performed Here (FY2025)$25M
Contract Dollars Relative to Local Wages0.07x wages
Largest Award's Share of Contract Dollars23%

Housing

Sources: Zillow ZHVI · Census ACS 2022 · Tax Foundation 2023 (effective rates)

Median Home Value$361K
This county
$390K state avg
$303K national
Median Sale Price$329K
This county
$303K national
Market Rent (ZORI)$1212/mo
This county
$1700/mo state avg
$1400/mo national
Property Tax Rate0.57%
This county
0.74% state avg
1.10% national

Annual tax on median home: $1,438

Affordability & Supply

HUD Fair Market Rent (2BR)$1,246/mo
Home Price Change (1 yr)+6.5%−+2.9% since 2024
Home Value to Income Ratio2.6x income
Severely Cost-Burdened Households7.2%
Homeownership Rate81.7%
This county
national avg ~65%

Market Activity

Sources: Zillow Research monthly · Redfin

Sale-to-List Ratio— Buyers market — homes selling below list
97.5%
Listings with Price Cuts— Low — market moving fast
21.2%
Sold Above List Price
20.0%
Median Days to Close
32 days
Active Listings
114
New Listings / Month
47

Source: Zillow Research · Updated monthly

Days on Market (Redfin)— Average pace
41 days
Months of Supply (Redfin)— Balanced market
4.7 mo
Sold Above List (Redfin)
28.6%

Sale-to-List Cross-Reference

Zillow 97.5%  ·  Redfin 99.6%

Source: Redfin · Updated monthly

Health

Life Expectancy75.7 yrs
This county
national avg ~78.5 years
Food Insecurity6.7%
This county
national avg ~11%
Food Environment Index9.3 / 10
This county
higher = better access
Primary Care Shortage Score16
This county
national avg 5
Mental Health Shortage Score15
Dental Care Shortage Score12
Healthcare Shortage Score14.3
Healthcare Offices17
Obesity Rate (BRFSS)41.3%
This county
national avg 32.0%
Smoking Rate (BRFSS)15.1%
This county
national avg 14.0%
Poor Health Rate (BRFSS)20.0%
This county
national avg 18.0%
Physical Inactivity (BRFSS)26.8%
This county
national avg 24.0%
High Blood Pressure (BRFSS)35.4%
This county
national avg 32.0%
Active Physicians5
Nursing Home Rating3.0 / 5
This county
national avg ~3 stars
ER Visits per 1,000 Medicare Patients666 / 1,000
Medicare Cost per Beneficiary$12,001
Uninsured (under 65)9.4%
This county
national avg ~10%
Adults with Depression23.5%

Education

Reading Test Scores3.32 grade level
HS Diploma Holders7,234
Bachelor's Degree Holders2,961
HS Completion Rate89.4%
This county
national avg ~85%
Private Schools5

Safety

Violent Crime Rate3.6 / 1,000
This county
national avg ~4.0
Firearm Fatality Rate18.2 / 100K
This county
national avg ~13.6/100K
Homicide Rate5.6 / 100K
This county
national avg ~7.5/100K
Drug Overdose Rate38.7 / 100K
This county
national avg ~21/100K
Traffic Fatalities6
Social Vulnerability (CDC SVI)40th pct
Drug Overdose Deaths (2024)13.8 / 100K
Suicide Rate16.2 / 100K
This county
national avg ~14/100K

Climate & Air Quality

Natural Amenity Scale-1.2
January Sunshine0.11
January Temperature0.38
Average Temp58°F+0.3% since 2022
Avg High Temp69°F-0.4% since 2022
Avg Low Temp47°F+1.5% since 2022
Median AQIAQI 40
Good Air Days224 days/yr
Unhealthy Air Days0 days/yr
Annual Precipitation41.2 in/yr-0.5% since 2022
Avg Storm Events14.4 storms/yr
Avg Annual Storm Damage$53K
Ozone Days243 days/yr
This county
national avg 50 days/yr
Drought Index (2022)-0.24
Heating Degree Days3,980 HDD/yr
This county
national avg ~4,500 HDD/yr
Cooling Degree Days1,378 CDD/yr
This county
national avg ~1,200 CDD/yr
Heating Degree Days (1901–2000 Baseline)4,390 HDD/yr
Cooling Degree Days (1901–2000 Baseline)1,123 CDD/yr
Avg Tornadoes / Year0.2
Avg Flood Events / Year0.8
Avg Hail Events / Year0.6
Avg Hurricane Events / Year0.00
Avg Wildfire Events / Year0.0
Avg Winter Storms / Year0.0
Avg Heat Events / Year0.0
Natural Hazard Risk (FEMA)16 / 100
Community Resilience (FEMA)60 / 100
Federal Disaster Declarations24 since 1953
Fine Particulate Pollution (PM2.5)6.9 µg/m³
This county
EPA standard 9 µg/m³

Outdoor & Recreation

Historic Places (NRHP)22 properties
FAA-Registered Airports2 total
Airports (excl. heliports)2 airports

Internet & Remote Work

Download Speed206 Mbps
This county
national avg ~120 Mbps
Upload Speed29 Mbps
Fixed Internet (Q1 2026)337 Mbps
Mobile Internet (Q1 2026)209 Mbps
Mobile Upload (Q1 2026)18 Mbps
Mobile Latency (Q1 2026)35 ms
Households with 100Mbps+67.4%
This county
national avg 75.0%
Cellular-Only Internet18.2%
This county
national avg 8.0%
Fixed Upload Speed (Q1 2026)184 Mbps

EV Infrastructure

EV Charging Stations4 stations
DC Fast Chargers4 chargers
Level 2 EV Chargers11

Commute & Transit

Remote Workers1,215 workers
Public Transit Commuters48 workers
Walk to Work (workers)583 workers
Extreme Commutes (90+ min)1,035 workers
Walk to Work3.7%

Families & Childcare

Childcare Cost Burden23.3%
This county
national median ~27% of household income
Childcare Centers7.9 per 10K residents
Childcare Facilities4

Civic & Community

Voter Turnout70.9%
This county
national avg ~55%
Volunteering Rate1.0%
Income Inequality (Gini)3.820
Nonprofit Organizations105
Veterans Share12.6%
This county
national avg 7.0%
Married Adults52.8%
Never-Married Adults30.0%
Divorced Adults11.9%
Religious Organizations33
Asian Population1.0%
Native American Population0.4%
Membership Associations9.9 per 10K residents

Lifestyle & Services

Full-Service Restaurants0.55 per 1K residents
Grocery Stores8
Arts & Entertainment Venues5
Hotels & Lodging16
Recreation Businesses3
Professional Services Firms32
Veterinary Practices4
Real Estate Firms16
Debt Burden
Avg Mortgage Balance$66K
Avg Student Loan Balance$9K
Avg Credit Card Balance$4K
Loan Delinquency Rate56.4%
This county
national avg 4.0%

Innovation

Inventor Rate0.16%

Politics

R+6

2024 Presidential · Virginia was D+3 statewide

vs Virginia State

Income tax
5.75%Same (state law)
Property tax
0.57%0.74% state avg
Politics
R+6D+3
COL Index
102state index (no county figure)

Population & Migration

Net Domestic Migration 2023

↑ +692

More people arriving than leaving

IRS Wealth Migration

Income-neutral migration pattern (IRS: 0.97x avg income)

Economic Mobility

38%

chance a low-income child reaches the middle class

Source: Opportunity Insights

Real Estate

Find Homes in Caroline County

Median home value: $364K

View on Zillow →View on Realtor.com →

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Full Virginia profile

Taxes, cost of living, crime, schools, gun laws and more.

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Data: Census ACS, BLS, Zillow, USDA Natural Amenities, OpenElections 2024, CMS, NCES. Vintage 2022–2025. News via Google News.

Your Priorities

Adjust and every page updates live

Quick Profiles

Dial in your priorities

Annual Income

$150K

Affects effective income tax rate

$0$500K$5M+

Retirement Savings

$0

Affects pension and SS tax burden

None$500K$10M+

Social Security

None

Annual Social Security benefit

None$150K/yr

My Property Is Worth

$400K

Affects property tax burden

Tax burden ↓$1M$50M+

Home Buying Budget

$400K

Compared to state median home price

Hard to find$250K$5M+

Monthly Rent Budget

Don't care

Compared to state median 2BR rent

Don't care$10K/mo

Job Market

Don't care

State unemployment and job growth

Don't careHot market

Airport Access

Don't care

Direct flight destinations from state hubs

Don't careMust have hub

City vs Country

Mid-size city

% urban population

Deep countryBig city

Sunshine

Don't care

Annual sunny days per state

Don't careMax sunshine

Food Scene

Don't care

Restaurants per 100K residents

Don't careWorld-class

Political Preference

Neutral

State's political lean

LiberalConservative

Gun Laws

Neutral

State gun law grade (Giffords)

Gun Control2A Freedom

Abortion Access

Neutral

State abortion access policy

Pro-ChoiceNeutralPro-Life

Community

None

Congregations per 100K residents

AvoidDon't careSeek

Sports & Entertainment

Don't care

Pro sports teams and major venues

Don't careMust have pro teams

Cannabis Laws

Neutral

State cannabis legality

Prefer LegalNeutralPrefer Prohibition

Retiree Community

Neutral

% population 65+ (Census)

Young areaRetirement-heavy

Dating Market

Neutral

% adults never-married (Census)

Singles sceneFamily community

Safety / Low Crime

Don't care

Violent crime rate per 100K (FBI)

Don't careVery safe

School Quality

Don't care

K-12 rank (Education Week)

Don't careTop-ranked

Healthcare Access

Don't care

Healthcare system rank (Commonwealth Fund)

Don't careTop-ranked

Childcare Affordability

Don't care

Cost of living proxy for childcare affordability

Don't careMust be affordable