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Vermontincome tax up to 8.75%, 5th highest property tax, median home $380K

D+31  ·  High tax burden  ·  COL index 111

C

8.75%

Income Tax

167

Violent Crime / 100K

79.8

Life Expectancy

$380K

Median Home

$1,500

Childcare / Mo

Vermont in plain English

Worth knowing before you move to Vermont

Vermont has a graduated income tax reaching 8.75%, taxes Social Security above income thresholds, and has an estate tax with a $5 million exemption. Property taxes fund schools statewide and are among the highest in the nation, with income-based adjustments for residents. The state has the second-smallest population in the country and no city over 45,000 people.

What Vermont taxes, and what it doesn't

Vermont levies a graduated income tax that tops out at 8.75%. A household earning $75,000 pays an effective 4.6%, about $3,475 a year; at $150,000 the effective rate is 5.9%. Among the 41 states that tax income, Vermont has the 16th highest effective rate at $100,000 of income.

Property tax runs 1.73% of home value a year, roughly $6,574 on the state's median home of $380K. The national effective rate is about 1.10%, and Vermont has the 5th highest rate of the 50 states.

Combined state and local sales tax averages 6.22%, the 16th lowest in the country (the state portion is 6%).

For retirees: Vermont is one of the few states that taxes Social Security benefits, pension income is partly exempt, and an estate tax applies above $5 million.

Capital gains are taxed as ordinary income.

Housing and the cost of living in Vermont

Vermont's cost of living index is 111, where 100 is the national average; that is the 12th most expensive of the 50 states.

The median home costs $380K, 25% above the national figure and the 20th highest among the states. A two-bedroom rents for about $1,600 a month.

Carrying costs matter as much as the price: home insurance averages $900 a year, flood coverage adds about $550 where it is needed, car insurance runs $1,090.

Budget $175 a month for electricity and gas, $590 a month in groceries for two, $1,500 a month for full-time infant care.

Safety, health and schools

Violent crime is 167 incidents per 100,000 residents in the FBI's 2023 Crime Data Explorer figures, below the median state (387); Vermont is the 2nd safest of the 50 by that measure. Property crime is 1,390 per 100,000.

Life expectancy is 79.8 years (County Health Rankings 2024). 3.8% of residents have no health insurance, and the state has expanded Medicaid. The Commonwealth Fund's 2023 scorecard ranks Vermont's health system 5th of 50.

Education Week's 2023 Quality Counts report ranks K-12 schools 6th in the country, and the state runs a school-choice voucher program.

Politics, guns and social policy

Politically, Vermont is a solidly Democratic state that went to Harris by 31 points in 2024.

On guns, no permit is required to carry a concealed handgun, and Giffords grades the state's gun laws B-.

Abortion is protected by state law. Marijuana is legal for adults. Vermont is not a right-to-work state, and the minimum wage is $13.67 an hour.

Climate, risk and getting around

Natural disaster risk is low. The main hazards are blizzard, flood, nor-easter. Annual average air quality index is 27 (under 50 is good).

Vermont has no top-25 hub airport, with about 25 nonstop destinations from its busiest airport.

Written from the figures on this page. Rankings compare the 50 states. Sources and years are listed with each figure below.

State Profile

78/100
255075100TAXES48SAFETY90HEALTH92SCHOOLS90AFFORDABLE68LONGEVITY82

Vermont will change its laws. We'll email you when it does.

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Taxes

Sources: state revenue departments · Tax Foundation 2026 · income-tax brackets 2026

Income Tax

8.75% top

Property Tax

~$6,574/yr on median home

1.73% / yr

Sales Tax

6.22% avg

Social Security

Taxed

Pension / IRA

Partial

Estate Tax

Yes — $5M exemption

Inheritance Tax

None

Capital Gains

Taxed as income

Housing & Cost of Living

Sources: Zillow · Census ACS · iii.org and state insurers 2026 · WRLURI 2018 · Census 2024 (HOA)

Price Level vs US (BEA)

Near US average (100)

98.0

Mortgages 90+ Days Late

FHFA, latest quarter

0.7%

Cost of Living Index

National avg = 100

111

Median Home Price

$380,000

Median Rent (2BR)

$1,600/mo

Home Insurance

Below national avg (~$1,900/yr)

$900/yr

Flood Insurance

$550/yr

Homestead Exemption

Home equity protected from creditors

$125,000

Asset Protection

Moderate

Homes in HOAs

HOAs are rare here (Census ACS 2024)

10.9%

Zoning Restrictiveness

Middle of the pack (Wharton WRLURI 2018)

Average

Short-Term Rentals (Airbnb)

State meals-and-rooms tax registration, 3% STR surcharge (2024), safety posting rules.

State-Regulated

Crime & Safety

Sources: FBI Crime Data Explorer 2023 · SafeHome registry counts 2025 · HUD PIT 2024

Violent Crime Rate

Well below national avg (~380)

167 / 100K

Property Crime Rate

Below national avg (~2,100)

1,390 / 100K

Traffic Fatality Rate

8.4 / 100K

Registered Sex Offenders

Below the state median (SafeHome 2025)

196 / 100K

Homeless Population

Among the highest homelessness rates — 5% unsheltered (HUD 2024 PIT)

533 / 100K

Healthcare

Sources: Commonwealth Fund 2023 · KFF · CDC

State Healthcare Rank

Top tier

#5 of 50

Life Expectancy

Above national avg (76.4)

79.8 yrs

Medicaid Expansion

Expanded

Uninsured Rate

Well below national avg

3.8%

Education

Sources: Education Week 2023 · NCES · state statutes (school choice)

College Completion Rate

College Scorecard, in-state institutions (mean)

63%

Avg College Cost of Attendance

College Scorecard 2024

$59,490/yr

K-12 Quality Rank

Top 10 nationally

#6 of 50

School Choice / Vouchers

Available

HS Graduation Rate

Near national avg (~87%)

89.3%

Pupil-Teacher Ratio

Below national avg (~16)

10.8 students/teacher

Childcare

Sources: Child Care Aware · Census ACS 2022

Avg Infant Care (Full-Time)

$1,500/mo

Utilities & Daily Costs

Sources: EIA (electricity, weekly gas) · USDA · eGRID 2022

Grid Carbon Intensity

Cleaner than US average (~820)

36 lb CO₂/MWh

Avg Monthly Energy Bill

$175/mo

Electricity Rate

Near national avg (13¢)

19.5¢/kWh

Energy Mix

100% renewable · ☀ 9% solar · 💨 19% wind

Avg Monthly Groceries

2-person household, moderate spending

$590/mo

Road Quality Rank

#34 of 50

Airports & Travel

Sources: FAA · BTS

Nonstop Destinations

From state's primary airport

25+ routes

Major Hub Airport

Regional airport — connections via hub

No

Culture & Lifestyle

Sources: Census CBP · Brewers Association 2024 · Pollstar · AANR/TNS · AGA 2024

Urban Population

Mostly rural

39% urban

Restaurant Density

470/100K

Religious Congregations

145/100K

Pro Sports Teams

NFL + NBA + MLB + NHL + MLS

None

Major Venues

Stadiums, arenas, amphitheaters (10K+ capacity)

1 venues

Craft Breweries

14/100K residents — Nation-leading

90 breweries

Craft Distilleries

32 distilleries

Live Music

Highest brewery density in nation (14/100K); Heady Topper cult following; Stowe Mountain Lodge shows; Green Mountain Bluegrass

Decent

Transportation

Sources: NHTSA FARS · FCC · insurance rate surveys 2024 · IIHS helmet laws 2026

Car Insurance (Avg Annual)

Below national avg

$1,090

Traffic Fatality Rate

8.4 / 100K

Broadband Access

82% of households

Work From Home

State residents who primarily work from home (ACS)

43,780 workers

Social & Legal

Sources: Guttmacher · KFF · NCSL · state statutes 2026

Formal Volunteering Rate

AmeriCorps / Census CPS 2023 (US ~28%)

40.5%

Votes in Local Elections

AmeriCorps / Census CPS 2023

67.6%

Abortion Access

State constitutional right; no gestational limit

Protected

LGBTQ+ Protections

Comprehensive

Marijuana

Recreational

Minimum Wage

$13.67/hr

Right to Work

No

Sports Betting

Legal

Casino Gambling

No casinos

Online Gambling

Illegal

State Lottery

No casinos. Sports betting launched 2024 (mobile). Lottery active.

Yes

Age of Consent

16

Sex Education

Sex ed required by state

Comprehensive

Medically Accurate Required

Yes

Nude Beaches & Naturist Clubs

Vermont's swimming holes widely used for informal nude recreation · Green Mountain Naturists

One club

Environment & Climate

Sources: EPA AQI · NOAA · FEMA National Risk Index

Air Quality (Annual AQI)

Excellent (national avg ~38)

27

Natural Disaster Risk

Low

Primary Hazards

blizzardfloodnor-easter

Politics & Gun Laws

Sources: OpenElections 2024 · Giffords 2025 · state statutes

2024 Presidential Vote

D+31

Gun Laws

Gun ControlB-
2A LibertyC+

Carry Permit

No permit required

Purchase Permit Required

No

Carry in Bars

Allowed

Carry in Restaurants

Allowed

Carry in Places of Worship

No state prohibition; posting governs.

Allowed

Gambling

Not Legal

Jobs & Economy

Sources: BLS QCEW 2024 · BLS JOLTS 2024 · BLS union membership 2025 · Census ACS

Job Openings Rate (JOLTS)

Near US average (~4.5%)

4.9%

Quits Rate (JOLTS)

Workers quit when they can find better; BLS 2024 average

2.0%

Job Market

+0.8% job growth · 2.7% unemployment

Moderate

Top Industries

HealthcareTourismEducation

Tech Jobs

#27 of 50

Healthcare Jobs

Top healthcare job market

#2 of 50

Remote Work

22% of workers

Median Household Income

$74,014

Union Membership

Above-average union presence (BLS 2025)

13.1% of workers

Business Climate

Sources: Tax Foundation · state filings

Corporate Income Tax

High corporate rate — plan entity structure carefully

8.5%

LLC Formation Fee

$125 one-time

LLC Annual Fee

$35/yr

Business Climate Rank

#35 of 50

Daily Life

Sources: American Pyrotechnics Association · state statutes 2026 · IIHS

Gas Price (Regular)

Above avg (+0.08 vs national avg)

$3.38/gal

Consumer Fireworks

Sparklers and ground-based only; aerial fireworks banned

Restricted

Motorcycle Helmet Law

Required for all riders (IIHS 2026)

All Riders

Weather & Natural Risks

Sources: NOAA · NWS Storm Prediction Center · FEMA NRI

Winter Severity

Avg January high: 27°F

Harsh

Summer Heat

Moderate summers

80°F avg July

Annual Rainfall

41" / yr

Tornado Risk

Very Low

Hurricane Risk

Very Low

Wildfire Risk

Very Low

Flood Risk

Low

Natural Hazards

Sources: USGS · CDC · USDA APHIS · NOAA · FEMA NRI 2023

15LOW danger
EEE zoneLyme diseaseBlack bear encountersIce storm winters

Venomous Snakes

Minimal

Spider Hazard

Minimal

Hurricane Risk

Low

Tornado Risk

Minimal

Wildfire Risk

Low

Earthquake Risk

Low

Danger score is a composite index. Methodology ↗

Veteran Benefits

Sources: VA.gov · Military.com state guide · Tax Foundation

Veteran-Friendly Score

6.6% of state population are veterans

48/100

Property Tax Exemption

Veteran property tax exemption

Partial

Military Retirement Pay

Taxed

Active Duty Pay

Tax Exempt

VA Facilities Access

Adequate

Notable Benefits

Military retirement exempt up to $10,000

Explore Vermont counties

Income, housing, poverty, healthcare — ranked by county

Explore Counties

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VT vs OR

Vermont vs Oregon

COL 111 vs 110 · 8.75% vs 9.9% income tax

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VT vs CT

Vermont vs Connecticut

COL 111 vs 114 · 8.75% vs 6.99% income tax

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VT vs NH

Vermont vs New Hampshire

COL 111 vs 114 · 8.75% vs No income tax

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Trending in Vermont

Airbnb hosts aren’t the enemy in Vermont’s housing debate - vtdigger.org

vtdigger.org · Sep 4

Affordable housing, community center opens next door to ‘Murder Mart’ - Vermont Daily Chronicle

Vermont Daily Chronicle · Sep 8

Janoo outraises Scott in race for Vermont governor - WCAX

WCAX · Sep 3

What If Gavin Newsom Were Governor of Vermont? - RealClearMarkets

RealClearMarkets · Sep 8

Vermont Governor Election 2026: Latest Polls - The New York Times

The New York Times · Sep 4

What Residents Say

COL Comparison ? : r/NewToVermont

Hi All, I have been researching the heck out of the numbers to try and determine if relocating up there would be feasible from Southeastern Massachusetts, ......

reddit.com ↗

Vermont Taxpayers are Paying the Price

The Price Tag: Vermont now spends roughly $30,137 per pupil—the 2nd highest rate in the entire country, nearly double the national average of ......

reddit.com ↗

Same Goes For Vermont. : r/vermont

The cost of living in Vermont is rapidly becoming a crisis. In Brattleboro, the Selectboard/Town Manager is proposing a 22% increase in the ......

reddit.com ↗

A dream : r/vermont

Taxes are very high. The cost of living is high. It's impossible to find a primary care doctor or a dentist. Healthcare is extremely ......

reddit.com ↗

Should I move to Vermont

The two rail lines, the Vermonter and the Ethan Allen Express, run once a day in each direction. Cost of living here can be a challenge. I don't ......

reddit.com ↗

I'm worried we may be the last young family to live in my ...

Vermont approaches this ass backwards, they crush the economy with insane taxes and regulations, then whine about how they aren't spending more....

reddit.com ↗

$8K A year in property taxes, I wish : r/burlington

The cost of living is way better. The Internet around here is once of the fastest providers in the nation and I only pay 99.97 per month for ......

reddit.com ↗

VT income based property tax? : r/NewToVermont

Hey Reddit, My wife & I used to live in Burlington (rented, not owned) and then moved away for a bit. We’re looking to move back to VT within the ......

reddit.com ↗

Real Talk on VT Taxes - Winter-loving DINKs (one remote ...

My husband and I are seriously considering a move to VT in the next 2-3 years to be closer to better skiing and more true winters. We've been in ......

reddit.com ↗

When folks want to move to VT… what changes? : r/vermont

I've been seeing comments on why folks asking about moving to VT get sometimes negative feedback. There is no one answer, but I do feel John ......

reddit.com ↗

Vermont will change its laws. We'll email you when it does.

One email when Vermont changes a tax, gun, cannabis or abortion law. Unsubscribe in one click.

Vermont Guides

lifestyle

Vermont vs. Colorado: Which State Has the Best Craft Beer Scene?

Colorado gets the fame, but Vermont keeps winning the blind tastings. We compared both states on bre

Data is informational only. Verify with a tax professional, real estate agent, and local sources before making relocation decisions. Crime data: FBI Crime Data Explorer 2023. Healthcare: Commonwealth Fund 2023; life expectancy from County Health Rankings 2024. Education: Education Week 2023. Housing: Zillow monthly index and Census ACS 2022. Insurance: rate surveys 2024. Sponsored links marked “Sponsored” may earn a commission. This does not affect our data or rankings.

Your Priorities

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Annual Income

$150K

Affects effective income tax rate

$0$500K$5M+

Retirement Savings

$0

Affects pension and SS tax burden

None$500K$10M+

Social Security

None

Annual Social Security benefit

None$150K/yr

My Property Is Worth

$400K

Affects property tax burden

Tax burden ↓$1M$50M+

Home Buying Budget

$400K

Compared to state median home price

Hard to find$250K$5M+

Monthly Rent Budget

Don't care

Compared to state median 2BR rent

Don't care$10K/mo

Job Market

Don't care

State unemployment and job growth

Don't careHot market

Airport Access

Don't care

Direct flight destinations from state hubs

Don't careMust have hub

City vs Country

Mid-size city

% urban population

Deep countryBig city

Sunshine

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Annual sunny days per state

Don't careMax sunshine

Food Scene

Don't care

Restaurants per 100K residents

Don't careWorld-class

Political Preference

Neutral

State's political lean

LiberalConservative

Gun Laws

Neutral

State gun law grade (Giffords)

Gun Control2A Freedom

Abortion Access

Neutral

State abortion access policy

Pro-ChoiceNeutralPro-Life

Community

None

Congregations per 100K residents

AvoidDon't careSeek

Sports & Entertainment

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Pro sports teams and major venues

Don't careMust have pro teams

Cannabis Laws

Neutral

State cannabis legality

Prefer LegalNeutralPrefer Prohibition

Retiree Community

Neutral

% population 65+ (Census)

Young areaRetirement-heavy

Dating Market

Neutral

% adults never-married (Census)

Singles sceneFamily community

Safety / Low Crime

Don't care

Violent crime rate per 100K (FBI)

Don't careVery safe

School Quality

Don't care

K-12 rank (Education Week)

Don't careTop-ranked

Healthcare Access

Don't care

Healthcare system rank (Commonwealth Fund)

Don't careTop-ranked

Childcare Affordability

Don't care

Cost of living proxy for childcare affordability

Don't careMust be affordable