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Carbon
Montana

11K

Population

$67K

Median Income

$506K

Median Home

R+23

Politics

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What stands out

If you had to describe Carbon County in numbers, start here: the restaurant count per person is in the top 2% of American counties (2.4 per 1,000), high-school completion is in the top 3% of American counties (96%), and the overdose death rate is in the bottom 4% of American counties (0 per 100,000). Within Montana it ranks 5th of 45 counties for the restaurant count per person.

Where you are

You live in Carbon County, Montana. 10,645 people live here with you. The population grew 1.6% last year, and more Americans moved in than out (net +199).

Montana has no sales tax and a two-bracket income tax with a top rate of 5.65% for 2026. It taxes Social Security above income thresholds. Home prices in Bozeman, Missoula and the Flathead Valley roughly doubled between 2019 and 2023 as remote workers arrived, and the state passed a package of zoning reforms in 2023 to add housing supply. Wildfire smoke is now a regular late-summer feature.

Money

The typical household here brings in $66,780 a year, higher than 67% of American counties. Employers pay an average wage of $47,497. Unemployment runs 2.6%, lower than 78% of American counties. 10% of workers work from home.

Montana takes 5.0% of that median income in state income tax, about $3,322 a year.

Home

The median home costs $515K, pricier than 94% of American counties, about 4.2 years of the median household's income. A two-bedroom rents for around $1,063 a month. Property tax is 0.58% of home value, roughly $2,060 a year on that median home, lower than 80% of American counties. 74% of households own rather than rent.

Safety and health

Violent crime here is 3.3 per 1,000 residents, lower than 82% of American counties.

A child born here can expect to live 81.3 years, longer than 96% of American counties. There are 13 active physicians in the county, about 12.2 per 10,000 people. 12.4% of people under 65 have no health insurance.

School

Local students test at grade level 3.05 where 3.0 is national grade level, higher than 54% of American counties. 96% of adults finished high school.

Neighbors and politics

In 2024 your neighbors voted Republican by 23 points. 81% of eligible voters turned out. Under Montana law you can carry a concealed handgun without a permit, abortion is protected by state law, and marijuana is legal for adults.

Weather and risk

The year averages 45°F, highs near 56 and lows near 33, colder than 91% of American counties. About 20 inches of rain and snow fall a year. FEMA puts natural-hazard risk at 25 out of 100, safer than 75% of American counties; the county has had 13 federal disaster declarations since 1953.

Getting around, going out

Home internet averages 91 Mbps down, slower than 90% of American counties. There are 3 airports in the county, counting general aviation. For a night or a weekend out: 2.4 full-service restaurants per 1,000 people, 1 brewery.

Written from the figures below. Percentiles compare this county with every other county that reports the same figure; missing figures are left out rather than guessed.

Economy

Median Household Income$67K
This county
national avg ~$75K
Poverty Rate9.2%
This county
national avg ~11.5%
Unemployment Rate2.6%
This county
national avg ~3.8%
GDP per Capita$42,720
Federal Spending per Capita$1,575
Median Individual Earnings$36K
This county
national avg $45K
Professional/Management Workers38.8%
Average Adjusted Gross Income$79K
Avg Credit Score705
Work From Home %10.4%
This county
national avg 17.0%
Population Under 1817.5%
This county
national avg 22.0%
Single-Person Households33.7%
This county
national avg 28.0%
Banks & Finance Firms6
Income (20th Percentile)$27K
Income (80th Percentile)$123K
Income (95th Percentile)$250K
Bachelor's Degree or Higher31.4%
This county
national avg 34.3%
Less Than High School4.2%
This county
national avg 11.0%
Knowledge Economy GDP %7.3%
Dependency Ratio0.79
Medicare Spending / Person$3,082
SS Benefits / Person$4,978
Education Wage Premium1.04x
Median Earnings (Bachelor's)$51K
Median Earnings (Graduate)$37K
Median Earnings (HS Diploma)$36K
Public Assistance Recipients1.9%
Average Annual Wage$47K
Professional Services Concentration0.51x national
This county
1.0 = national average share
Federal Government Jobs Located Here78
Federal Share of Jobs Located Here2.5%
Residents Who Work for the Federal Government4.5%
Federal Civilian Share of Earnings3.4%
Federal Contract Dollars Performed Here (FY2025)$3M
Contract Dollars Relative to Local Wages0.02x wages
Largest Award's Share of Contract Dollars92%

Housing

Sources: Zillow ZHVI · Census ACS 2022 · Tax Foundation 2023 (effective rates)

Median Home Value$506K
This county
$450K state avg
$303K national
Market Rent (ZORI)$900/mo
This county
$1450/mo state avg
$1400/mo national
Property Tax Rate0.58%
This county
0.58% state avg
1.10% national

Annual tax on median home: $2,060

Affordability & Supply

HUD Fair Market Rent (2BR)$1,417/mo
Home Price Change (1 yr)+0.4%−+2.2% since 2024
Home Value to Income Ratio4.2x income
Severely Cost-Burdened Households12.4%
Homeownership Rate73.8%
This county
national avg ~65%

Market Activity

Sources: Zillow Research monthly · Redfin

Listings with Price Cuts— Low — market moving fast
14.2%
Active Listings
105
New Listings / Month
21

Source: Zillow Research · Updated monthly

Days on Market (Redfin)— Slow — buyers have leverage
93 days
Months of Supply (Redfin)— High inventory — buyers market
13.1 mo
Sold Above List (Redfin)
0.0%

Source: Redfin · Updated monthly

Health

Life Expectancy81.3 yrs
This county
national avg ~78.5 years
Food Insecurity7.8%
This county
national avg ~11%
Food Environment Index8.9 / 10
This county
higher = better access
Primary Care Shortage Score0
This county
national avg 5
Mental Health Shortage Score17
Dental Care Shortage Score0
Healthcare Shortage Score5.7
Healthcare Offices8
Obesity Rate (BRFSS)32.6%
This county
national avg 32.0%
Smoking Rate (BRFSS)13.8%
This county
national avg 14.0%
Poor Health Rate (BRFSS)16.7%
This county
national avg 18.0%
Physical Inactivity (BRFSS)19.9%
This county
national avg 24.0%
High Blood Pressure (BRFSS)30.6%
This county
national avg 32.0%
Active Physicians13
ER Visits per 1,000 Medicare Patients392 / 1,000
Medicare Cost per Beneficiary$8,359
Uninsured (under 65)12.4%
This county
national avg ~10%
Adults with Depression25.2%

Education

Math Test Scores3.03 grade level
Reading Test Scores3.08 grade level
HS Diploma Holders2,237
Bachelor's Degree Holders1,498
HS Completion Rate95.8%
This county
national avg ~85%
Private Schools6

Safety

Violent Crime Rate3.3 / 1,000
This county
national avg ~4.0
Firearm Fatality Rate24.1 / 100K
This county
national avg ~13.6/100K
Traffic Fatalities6
Social Vulnerability (CDC SVI)12th pct
Drug Overdose Deaths (2024)0.0 / 100K
Suicide Rate34.6 / 100K
This county
national avg ~14/100K

Climate & Air Quality

Natural Amenity Scale4.2
January Sunshine-0.53
January Temperature-0.88
Average Temp45°F+5.7% since 2022
Avg High Temp56°F+4.3% since 2022
Avg Low Temp33°F+8.1% since 2022
Median AQIAQI 29
Good Air Days306 days/yr
Unhealthy Air Days4 days/yr
Annual Precipitation20.0 in/yr+14% since 2022
Avg Storm Events4.0 storms/yr
Avg Annual Storm Damage$0
Drought Index (2022)-0.93
Heating Degree Days7,608 HDD/yr
This county
national avg ~4,500 HDD/yr
Cooling Degree Days288 CDD/yr
This county
national avg ~1,200 CDD/yr
Heating Degree Days (1901–2000 Baseline)8,787 HDD/yr
Cooling Degree Days (1901–2000 Baseline)182 CDD/yr
Avg Tornadoes / Year0.2
Avg Flood Events / Year0.8
Avg Hail Events / Year2.6
Avg Hurricane Events / Year0.00
Avg Wildfire Events / Year0.0
Avg Winter Storms / Year0.0
Avg Heat Events / Year0.0
Natural Hazard Risk (FEMA)25 / 100
Community Resilience (FEMA)69 / 100
Federal Disaster Declarations13 since 1953
Fine Particulate Pollution (PM2.5)5.7 µg/m³
This county
EPA standard 9 µg/m³

Outdoor & Recreation

Historic Places (NRHP)71 properties
FAA-Registered Airports4 total
Airports (excl. heliports)3 airports

Brewery Scene

Total Breweries1 breweries
Microbreweries1 microbreweries
Brewpubs0 brewpubs

Internet & Remote Work

Download Speed91 Mbps
This county
national avg ~120 Mbps
Upload Speed10 Mbps
Fixed Internet (Q1 2026)230 Mbps
Mobile Internet (Q1 2026)237 Mbps
Mobile Upload (Q1 2026)29 Mbps
Mobile Latency (Q1 2026)51 ms
Households with 100Mbps+35.0%
This county
national avg 75.0%
Cellular-Only Internet18.6%
This county
national avg 8.0%
Fixed Upload Speed (Q1 2026)54 Mbps

EV Infrastructure

EV Charging Stations2 stations
DC Fast Chargers0 chargers
Level 2 EV Chargers8

Commute & Transit

Remote Workers533 workers
Public Transit Commuters20 workers
Walk to Work (workers)329 workers
Extreme Commutes (90+ min)200 workers
Bike Commuters0.6%
Walk to Work6.4%

Agriculture

Farms162 farms
Farmland477,009 acres

Families & Childcare

Childcare Cost Burden29.3%
This county
national median ~27% of household income
Childcare Centers2.7 per 10K residents

Civic & Community

Voter Turnout80.6%
This county
national avg ~55%
Volunteering Rate1.0%
Income Inequality (Gini)4.499
Nonprofit Organizations145
Veterans Share9.2%
This county
national avg 7.0%
Married Adults59.2%
Never-Married Adults20.8%
Divorced Adults13.5%
Religious Organizations12
Asian Population0.5%
Native American Population0.6%
Membership Associations12.9 per 10K residents

Lifestyle & Services

Full-Service Restaurants2.38 per 1K residents
Nursing & Care Facilities6
Grocery Stores7
Hotels & Lodging18
Recreation Businesses14
Professional Services Firms30
Veterinary Practices5
Real Estate Firms25
Debt Burden
Avg Mortgage Balance$94K
Avg Student Loan Balance$11K
Avg Credit Card Balance$5K
Loan Delinquency Rate33.1%
This county
national avg 4.0%

Innovation

Inventor Rate0.20%

Politics

R+23

2024 Presidential · Montana was R+13 statewide

vs Montana State

Income tax
5.9%Same (state law)
Property tax
0.58%0.58% state avg
Politics
R+23R+13
COL Index
104state index (no county figure)

Population & Migration

Net Domestic Migration 2023

↑ +199

More people arriving than leaving

IRS Wealth Migration

Wealthier people moving in (IRS: 1.34x avg income)

Economic Mobility

52%

chance a low-income child reaches the middle class

Source: Opportunity Insights

Real Estate

Find Homes in Carbon County

Median home value: $515K

View on Zillow →View on Realtor.com →

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Full Montana profile

Taxes, cost of living, crime, schools, gun laws and more.

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Data: Census ACS, BLS, Zillow, USDA Natural Amenities, OpenElections 2024, CMS, NCES. Vintage 2022–2025. News via Google News.

Your Priorities

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Quick Profiles

Dial in your priorities

Annual Income

$150K

Affects effective income tax rate

$0$500K$5M+

Retirement Savings

$0

Affects pension and SS tax burden

None$500K$10M+

Social Security

None

Annual Social Security benefit

None$150K/yr

My Property Is Worth

$400K

Affects property tax burden

Tax burden ↓$1M$50M+

Home Buying Budget

$400K

Compared to state median home price

Hard to find$250K$5M+

Monthly Rent Budget

Don't care

Compared to state median 2BR rent

Don't care$10K/mo

Job Market

Don't care

State unemployment and job growth

Don't careHot market

Airport Access

Don't care

Direct flight destinations from state hubs

Don't careMust have hub

City vs Country

Mid-size city

% urban population

Deep countryBig city

Sunshine

Don't care

Annual sunny days per state

Don't careMax sunshine

Food Scene

Don't care

Restaurants per 100K residents

Don't careWorld-class

Political Preference

Neutral

State's political lean

LiberalConservative

Gun Laws

Neutral

State gun law grade (Giffords)

Gun Control2A Freedom

Abortion Access

Neutral

State abortion access policy

Pro-ChoiceNeutralPro-Life

Community

None

Congregations per 100K residents

AvoidDon't careSeek

Sports & Entertainment

Don't care

Pro sports teams and major venues

Don't careMust have pro teams

Cannabis Laws

Neutral

State cannabis legality

Prefer LegalNeutralPrefer Prohibition

Retiree Community

Neutral

% population 65+ (Census)

Young areaRetirement-heavy

Dating Market

Neutral

% adults never-married (Census)

Singles sceneFamily community

Safety / Low Crime

Don't care

Violent crime rate per 100K (FBI)

Don't careVery safe

School Quality

Don't care

K-12 rank (Education Week)

Don't careTop-ranked

Healthcare Access

Don't care

Healthcare system rank (Commonwealth Fund)

Don't careTop-ranked

Childcare Affordability

Don't care

Cost of living proxy for childcare affordability

Don't careMust be affordable